The First Military and Non-Official Pharmacopoeias of the Ottoman Empire
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v6i2.540Keywords:
Pharmacopee Militaire Ottomanee, Dr. Charles Ambrosie Bernard, Düstur-ül Edviye, Major Mr. Huseyin Sabri.Abstract
The first official pharmacopoeia of the Ottoman period was written in 1844 under the title of Pharmacopee Militaire Ottomanee (Pharmacopea Castrensis Otomana) by Austrian Dr. Charles Ambrosie Bernard who was the founder of the first school of pharmacy at that time. This pharmacopoeia was written in French based on 1841 Pharmacopoea Castrensis Austriaca and consists of 161 pages. In this pharmacopoeia, drug names were given in Turkish, Italian and Latin as well as French. Also, in this pharmacopoeia medicinal plants were given in alphabetical order, simple and mixed drugs preparing methods were mentioned and especially focused on pastes but reagents and control methods weren’t mentioned. This book was specifically designed for military hospitals and pharmacies, so, it was not given much of an interest by Istanbul pharmacists.
The other codex Düstur-ül Edviye (Drugs Law) which was the translation of 1866 French Codex in Turkish by Major Mr Huseyin Sabri was published in 1874. This codex was printed in Tıbbiye-i Şahane printing house and consisted of 73 chapters and 508 pages. This book replaced the codex which was written by Dr Bernard and has become a guide for Istanbul pharmacists for a long time.
In this study, both pharmacopoeias are examined and various aspects of them are discussed.
References
Arıkan, A. (2010). Tolga Eczanesi: Ecz. Murat Özdoğan’ın Türk Eczacılık Tarihi Koleksiyonu. Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları 12(1): 75-103.
Asil, E. (1976). Farmakopelerimiz, FABAD, 3(1): 51.
Asil, E. (2001). Dünden Bugüne Eczacılık, Meslek İçi Sürekli Eğitim Dergisi 4-19.
Baylav, N. (1968). Eczacılık Tarihi. İstanbul: Yörük Matbaası.
Baytop, T. (1985). Türk Eczacılık Tarihi. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları No: 3358, Eczacılık Fak. No. 47.
Baytop, T. (1995). Eczahane’den Eczane’ye: Türkiye’de Eczaneler ve Eczacılar (1800-1923). İstanbul: Bayer Türk Sağlık Ürünleri Bölümü Yayını.
Baytop, T. (2000). Türk Eczacılık Tarihi Araştırmaları. İstanbul: Abdi İbrahim İlaç San. ve Tic. A.Ş., Sinangin Matbaası.
Kocaer, R. (1949). Türkiye Eczacılar Almanağı. İstanbul: Hüsnü Tabiat Basımevi.
Mat, A. (2009). La Pharmacopee Militaire Ottomane Du Dr. Bernard. Vienna: 39th International Congress of History of Pharmacy.
Mat, A. (2011). Yirminci Yüzyıl Başında Türkiye’de Eczacılık Öğretiminde Kullanılmış Bir Kitap: Fenni İspençiyarî, Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları 12(2): 105-110.
Öztürk, H. (2009). Mekteb-i Tıbbıye-i Adliye-i Şahane ve Kurucusu Charles Ambroise Bernard [Dissertation]. Eskişehir (Turkey): Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Anabilim Dalı.
Şehsuvaroğlu, BN. (1970). Eczacılık Tarihi Dersleri. İstanbul: Hüsnütabiat Matbaası.
Tekiner, H. (2006). Kayseri Eczacılık Tarihi ve Eczacılık İşletmelerinin Kayseri Sosyal Yaşamı ve Ekonomisine Katkıları Üzerinde Bir Çalışma [dissertation]. Ankara (Turkey): Ankara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Ens., Eczacılık İşletmeciliği Anabilim Dalı.
Tekiner, H.; Mat, A. & Sandalcı, MA. (2007). Concise History of Turkish Pharmacopoeias from 1818 to Present” Sevilla: 38th International Congress of History of Pharmacy.
Uğurlu, MC. (1997). 14 Mart Tıp Bayramı”nın Düşündürdükleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 50(1): 1-5.
Ülman, IY. (2007). Mekteb-i Tıbbıye-i Şahane’nin Galatasaray Döneminde Sağlık Hizmetleri. İstanbul: Prof. Dr. Ali Haydar Bayat Anısına Düzenlenen Osmanlı Sağlık Kurumları Sempozyumu.
Ünver, SA. (1966). Osmanlı Türklerinde Hekimlik ve Eczacılık, Pharmacia 6: 30-30.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All papers licensed under Creative Commons 4.0 CC-BY.- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
